Summary of concerns:

Amnesty International's concerns, arising out of cases documented in the Tetovo region, about human rights violations committed by the authorities relate to the police treatment of detainees arrested on suspicion of conflict-related offences:

* the police are alleged to have carried out arbitrary arrests; and to have subjected people who were suspected of association with the NLA to ill-treatment, in some cases amounting to torture;

* the pattern of widespread use of ill-treatment suggests that it may have taken place with the consent or acquiescence of senior officers; senior officers, government officials and courts, even when informed of complaints of torture or ill-treatment, failed to take action to investigate the complaints and to hold the perpetrators accountable; the system for investigating complaints is perceived as neither impartial, nor independent;

* in some cases detainees were denied their right to necessary medical treatment, including for injuries sustained in detention.